Monday, May 25, 2020

Foundations Of Education Education - 959 Words

Joshua Holmgren 11/07/2015 Foundations of Education My philosophy of education is going to focus on the belief that every child can learn. It is a educator’s responsibility to determine how to be most effective in the classroom and assist every student in the learning process. My goal in the classroom is to create a safe learning environment. In order to do this, I will be astute at all times. I will look for clues and cues to find each student’s learning style. Some democracy is necessary in the classroom, so that the students feel invested. However, the teacher needs to remain in control to foster a proper learning environment. According the Piaget, the student’s will be in their second stage of cognitive development. In this stage, the children are still egocentric and unable to see any point of view other than their own. As a teacher, I will help guide them as they develop. Saying that every child can learn is very broad, but it’s that way for a reason. It is broad in order to include all children, regardless of their background. All children cannot learn everything, but everyone can learn something. Teaching has become a last resort for too many in the profession. Many choose this profession for the â€Å"short hours† and summer vacation. There seems to have been a change in priorities in classrooms. It seems to be no longer about individuals teaching individuals. We are expected to teach the same things to different students in the same way. I am a firmShow MoreRelatedEducation : The Foundation Of Education2124 Words   |  9 Pages Mrs. Adkins Pd.3 9/17/14 Education essay The foundation of education starts when a person is a child and as they grow older. Education defines what they become in the late future from being a deadbeat bum to a multimillion enterprise own. Education is the way of receiving information and translating it back to real world problems that you are faced with every day. From around the world education is an essential benefit in life in general. From being a shop keeperRead MoreFoundation of Education1732 Words   |  7 PagesOf Education What is the goal or the purpose of education? What is education for? My definition of education would be to learn or to gain knowledge of something through the teaching of others or through ones self. One of the definitions from the Websters dictionary states that education is the activities of educating or instructing or teaching, activities that impart knowledge or skill. Both definitions of education appeal me the most important two words that deals with education areRead MoreThe On The Foundations Of Education940 Words   |  4 Pagesn the Foundations of Education, discussed powerful notions of different branches in philosophy that educators have touched and expanded for other, future, educators to acknowledge. The textbook and our class has specified the philosophies with very valid views; such as descriptions, points, pros and cons within each branch, as well as sub-branches. I shall be discussing my opinions on based on the questions given that are responsive to the matter of equality in education and hidden curriculum. Read MoreFoundations Of Education1931 Words   |  8 PagesAnna Barclay Roy Hansen Midterm: Foundations of Education Part 1: There have been many famous individuals who have contributed to education. BF Skinner, William Glasser, John Dewey, and Lev Vygotski are four notorious men in the history and impact of education. B.F. Skinner (1904) was a behaviorist who his most widely known for his theory of operant conditioning and the Skinner box. He created this theory to study human behavior. Operant conditioning includes positive and negative reinforcementRead MorePhilosophy of Education for Foundations of Education1520 Words   |  7 PagesOutline: Philosophy of Education I. Introduction A. Howard Gardners theory of multiple intelligences B. My future classroom C. My role as a male educator II. Definition of Philosophies A. Philosophies 1. Existentialism B. Ways of Knowing 1. Eastern Ways of Knowing a. Chinese thought C. Styles of Teaching 1. Humanism III. Conclusion IV. References Introduction Education is an ongoing process based upon experience. The old adage you learn something new everyday is very trueRead MoreSociological Foundation of Education1734 Words   |  7 PagesSociological Foundation of Education -By Gopi Chandra Upreti M. Phil. Development Studies, KUSOED Kathmandu, Nepal. Introduction Education is a process of learning. It is a kind of method to get knowledge in human life. As John Dewey said education ‘brings out all capabilities’ of human beings. It helps us to live our life independently. Accordingly, Socrates said that education has taken out our ideas from ‘innate capabilities’ so that we can know everything of the world. Education has certainRead MoreLiteracy Is The Foundation Of Education Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesMost individuals have narrow definitions of literacy, considering it to be merely possessing the abilities to read and write, but the definition should be much broader than that. Literacy is the foundation of education. I would define literacies as skills that we are continuously having to improve upon. Without the abilities to read and write, I would have an altered view of the world that I live in and the people who I share it with. Additionally, I would not be able to recognize letters or numbersRead MoreThe Foundation of an Effective Education2439 Words   |  10 Pages I went to primary school in the early 1980’s; I had a very typical education for the time, Maths, English, Science, with hefty doses of fear, in the form of the threat of corporal punishment. We sat in rows, no talking, no sharing of ideas just copying from the black board into our books; these days it would be termed a behaviorist model of teaching. My classmates, those who didn’t fit the norm, had a very lonely, isolated experience; in some cases I know the experience frightened them off learningRead MoreThe Theoretical Foundations Of Education2187 Words   |  9 Pages Excellent Educators, Student Success Stephanie Sorenson University of Michigan-Dearborn Theoretical Foundations of Education Abstract A crucial argument in America is how accountable we can hold teachers for educating students from low socioeconomic status, different cultural backgrounds and those with experiences that affect and impede their learning. In Radical: Fighting to Put Students First, Michelle Rhee describes her experience in the educational system and what she perceivedRead MoreEssay on Foundations of Education1649 Words   |  7 Pagescourse of American education to a degree that the developments made during and after the lifetimes of each of these figures are practically manifested in today’s educational environment. In some cases, as with Franklin, much of his contribution was practical, with the establishment of public libraries and emphasis on self-education. Others, such as Dewy, were ideological pioneers that changed the methods of education. One can never overlook the role of politics in American Education; the regulation

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Impact Of Technology On The Healthcare Profession

Nursing has been around since the early antiquity years but it was not until Florence Nightingale came along in the 1850’s that the foundation of nursing was established. Over the years nursing has continued to grow and advance not just within its self but also within our society which has grown further and faster than anyone could ever imagine. For example nursing has learned to incorporate the advancements of technology into its self by using; smartphones as a form of communication (texting, pictures), electronic health records to chart patients information, and by using social media outlets such as Facebook, twitter, and blogs to interact with their clients and to reach out to new potential clients. Along with these advancements of†¦show more content†¦After a long night of work she heads home while forgetting her phone at the hospital. Which leads towards the scenario conclusion that I have decided to choose (1). Within this conclusion I as a nurse have found a l ost cellphone. While trying to figure out who the owner of the cellphone is I happen to come across photos that appear to have been taken the night before of the lead singer Jerod from the band â€Å"Blue Lizards†. I cannot believe what I have found and believe that no one could possibly trace the photos to me or the cellphone. After stumbling upon the cellphone I would have no other choice but to turn it into my supervisor and allow him or her to handle the situation as they see fit. I could possibly confront the nurse myself and explain to her how taking these photos last night is a violation of the patients right to privacy, a violation of HIPA and is simply unethical behavior, however I believe hearing this from a supervisor will be more effective. HIPAA Regulations HIPAA was created in 1996, its purposes is to allow people to maintain health insurance, protect confidential and secure healthcare information, and to help healthcare industry control administrative cost ( HHS.gov.n.d.). For the purpose of this paper I will be focusing on protection of confidential and secure healthcare information. In order to understand what qualifies as protected health care information you first have to understand what

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Case Study For Third-Party Intervention Of Lincoln Hospital

Question: Analysis the case study of Lincoln Hospital third party intervention? Answer: Executive Summary Conflict is known to be inherent in each and every relationship and can take place from a number of different sources. Conflicts can also contribute in the development of interpersonal problems like differences in personality, misunderstandings amongst the members of the group, an absence of interpersonal skills, and the baggage of emotions individuals bring within the relationships. The interventions of third party tends to create focus on conflicts that take place amongst two or a number of individuals within the same organization and are established for addressing and resolving conflicts that contribute in the disruption of effective accomplishment of tasks and the flow of work (Worley, 2009). The first lesson learnt is that intervention of third party cannot contribute in resolving each and every interpersonal conflict within the business organization (Sorensen, 2013). However, in this particular case of the Lincoln Hospital, Mary and Don had been pushed for looking at and considering the previous isolation and realizing the cooperation and collaboration will be going far more ahead. Their emphasis and interests had been over the activities of individual in comparison with the group activities of sustenance. Introduction Conflict is known to be inherent in each and every relationship and can take place from a number of different sources. Conflicts can also contribute in the development of interpersonal problems like differences in personality, misunderstandings amongst the members of the group, an absence of interpersonal skills, and the baggage of emotions individuals bring within the relationships. The interventions of third party tends to create focus on conflicts that take place amongst two or a number of individuals within the same organization and are established for addressing and resolving conflicts that contribute in the disruption of effective accomplishment of tasks and the flow of work (Worley, 2009). In context with the concepts of conflict resolution and third party intervention, this report will be analyzing the case study of Lincoln Hospital that involved the intervention of third party. This case study seems to be having huge significance in understanding the concept related to inter vention of third party. The employment of intervention had been done as the only solution being utilized for the experiences of issues in the boundaries of the Lincoln Hospital. Physicians in practice have bonding with specific and more often, a number of hospitals whose specialized facilities are being utilized by them (Sorensen, 2013). Also, physician has played a significant role in this case study as he or she has link with the higher levels of authority in the administration of hospital being used while being connected for bringing the pressure over the members of the staff. This type of a situation had been significantly involved in the case of the Lincoln Hospital that is a profit earning hospital having a number of beds available for being filled (Worley, 2009). The administrators of the hospital include the previous president of the hospital, who was mostly complied in relation with the demands held by the surgeons. Linking this case study and the situations involved with the theory of conflict resolution, this report will be highlighting a number of facts and recommendations that could have been and can be applied in the settings of the real world. Resolving the Problem Lincoln hospital is a profit earning organization which had been facing challenges in the level of productivity, work of the team, and staffing within the department of OR that created a focus upon deteriorating the relationship of work amongst two leaders of the organization that are Don, the newly appointed chief of surgeons and Mary, the director of OR. Both the leaders seemed to be having valuable assets for contributing towards the larger groups of staffing within their supervision and therefore, it was important for retaining the inability involved in these two administrators for performing operations as a team provided negative reflections on the nurses and surgeons of OR (Bell, 2006). While the utilization of intervention had been successful, still tensions had been lingering amongst Mary and Don. This contributed in reaffirming the need for making improvements in the future context. In context with this situation, while entering within the relationship of OD along with a newly involved client, it is important for having the full understanding regarding the situation and the organization that is being involved and hence, needs to be dealt with in a significant manner. This is the main reason as to why phase of entering and contracting is extremely important for this relationship. Working by the details of this particular part of the services of OD could have ensured that both, the practitioner as well as the client are gaining the benefits from the services being provided (Smith, 2007). In the duration of the phase of entering and contracting, the practitioner and the client will be defining the basic problem being faced by the organization, discussing the scope and opportunities for development, and begin to focus on the creation of a relationship that is healthy as well as collaborative in nature. These particular steps contribute in allowing the practitioner and client for starting the process to work by the problems and issues that are influencing the business organization. Firstly, there was an increased need for addressing a number of issues in the duration of the phase of contracting within the relationship. Based on the case study, it can be stated that there had been an involvement of negotiation for the contract of psychology, where the historical facts and information was being shared by the president (Sorensen, 2013). This contributed in describing the issue as he was able to see it, and there had been identification of his expectations with the project involved. With this particular information on the background, it can be stated that a number of steps could have been taken up for entering the phase of contracting in the relationship being established. The employment of intervention had been done as the only solution being utilized for the experiences of issues in the boundaries of the Lincoln Hospital. Physicians in practice have bonding with specific and more often, a number of hospitals whose specialized facilities are being utilized by them (Bell, 2006). Also, physician has played a significant role in this case study as he or she has link with the higher levels of authority in the administration of hospital being used while being connected for bringing the pressure over the members of the staff. As stated above, while entering within the relationship of OD along with a newly involved client, it is important for having the full understanding regarding the situation and the organization that is being involved and hence, needs to be dealt with in a significant manner. This is important for making a good decision regarding how the process of OD should be carried out (Worley, 2009). While the client is finally going to be the key beneficiary within the relationship and seems to be having a great deal related to power within the process, it can still be considered reasonable and sensible for the practitioner for setting specific expectations related to the process of OD. From the point of view of the practitioner, it can be stated that it would have been important for clarifying a number of aspects involved in the services and relationship that is being provided. Certain key topics that are supposed to be considered within the contract should be focused on creating expectations in detail from both, the practitioner and the client, determining the outcomes being desired and the goals being targeted, establishing the confidentiality within the process, compensation involved, and ground rule for this particular process (Smith, 2007). Lincoln hospital is a profit earning organization which had been facing challenges in the level of productivity, work of the team, and staffing within the department of OR that created a focus upon deteriorating the relationship of work amongst two leaders of the organization. Relevance of Third Party Intervention There are a number of factors involved in suggesting that the intervention of third party stated within this particular case study had played an important role in the improvement of working relationship between Mary and Don, and at the entire level, the level of effectiveness being delivered by the department (Sorensen, 2013). Hence, it can be stated that the intervention of third party was important for resolving the conflicts in the case of Lincoln Hospital. Improvement can be seen in a number of factors involved such as effectiveness of the group, communication being done with honesty, appropriate level of comfort for creating discussion on the problems of the organization, and establishment of interpersonal trust for Mary and Don, along with the groups under both the leaders (Sorensen, 2013). There had been realization of significant improvement within the services of surgeries that included improvement in managing OR. In the duration of twelve months followed by the first meeting that had been held between Mary and Don with the consultancy party, there had been no reports of issues with respect to any specific prosthesis required for scheduled surgery of orthopedics. Reports had been made by other surgeons regarding significant obvious improvements in making the surgical equipment and surgical supplies available. After three months of the project being involved, Mary had been initiating meetings on regular basis with the staff for the development of ways for improving their relationships at work with each other, along with the difficult physicians and for addressing improvement required in the department of OR (Bell, 2006). In addition to this, Don had been taking the initiative to help the physicians of OR for addressing the schedules being developed for the rooms of operations. Surgeons who had been seen abusing the privileges of the schedule ended up losing their times of priority for conducting the surgeries. Within the duration of some weeks, changes took place in the behavior of these surgeons in a significant manner, and by the time the study ended, there had been a decline in the abusing of scheduling privileges by approximately 95 per cent. The employment of intervention had been done as the only solution being utilized for the experiences of issues in the boundaries of the Lincoln Hospital. Physicians in practice have bonding with specific and more often, a number of hospitals whose specialized facilities are being utilized by them (Smith, 2007). Also, physician has played a significant role in this case study as he or she has link with the higher levels of authority in the administration of hospital being used while being connected for bringing the pressure over the members of the staff. Apart from this, physicians had been showing commitment towar ds the verbal form of abusing being held and confronted for the accountability of behavior that was not professional. In the duration of the last six month, there had been no reports for physicians making verbal abusive behavior with the nurse. The standard committee of OR in the hospital that not been functioning since almost six month, had been seen reviving. This is important for making a good decision regarding how the process of OD should be carried out. While the client is finally going to be the key beneficiary within the relationship and seems to be having a great deal related to power within the process, it can still be considered reasonable and sensible for the practitioner for setting specific expectations related to the process of OD. This particular committee also involved Mary, as the director of OR, along with a group of six surgeons, holding the responsibility of the following activities (Sorensen, 2013): To approve each and every change being proposed within the equipment, supplies, and procedures To monitor the practices of schedule within the physicians Followed by the changes within the care of patient With this particular stimulus and the intervention of third party, the leadership skills at the department of OR ended up becoming focused and proactive on the planning and prevention of problem, instead of giving simple reactions towards the crises after there had been eruptions. In addition to this, the continuous shortages related to qualified nurses had been resolved. All seven positions that had been vacant ended up being filled by the nurses who had better skills, knowledge and experience in the clinical setting (Worley, 2009). As important for the finances of the hospital, the rate of turnover and the costs of recruitment for the nurses of surgery came down to a zero. This contributed in translating these amounts into the amount of saving to the hospital that turned out to be 300,000 dollars more in comparison with the amount of savings in the last year. The two different groups of surgeons, who had been making plans for building the own outpatient centers of surgery, being scrapped with the idea. There had been improvement in the services for pointing that they considered no importance for processing the plans of construction. From the point of view of the practitioner, it can be stated that it would have been important for clarifying a number of aspects involved in the services and relationship that is being provided (Smith, 2007). Certain key topics that are supposed to be considered within the contract should be focused on creating expectations in detail from both, the practitioner and the client, determining the outcomes being desired and the goals being targeted, establishing the confidentiality within the process, compensation involved, and ground rule for this particular process. For understanding the importance of intervention of third party in this particular case, it seems to be persistent for examining the statements of conclusion provided through the practitioner of OD. In this particular case, the practitioner contributes in stating that there had been an involvement of shift within the relationship between both the parties that lead towards mutually collaborating, accepting the responsibility, and creating a focus over the solutions involved (Broedling, 2002). The involvement of these specific resulting actions provide an outlook with positivity to the previous issues being faced in the hospital of Lincoln. However, the practitioner of OD also seems to be alluding towards the fact that full resolution of the situation had not been done at the time of following up the intervention being involved and expressed. Personal Understanding and Discussion Based on the analysis done for the case of Lincoln Hospital, conflict is a significant part of a work place that can take place from a number of different sources that include the differences within the personality, orientation of task, interdependence of goal, and point of views amongst the members of the group (Cummings Worley, 2009). This can also involve competition for the resources that are scarce in nature and their availability is crucial. Working by the details of this particular part of the services of OD could have ensured that both, the practitioner as well as the client are gaining the benefits from the services being provided. In the duration of the phase of entering and contracting, the practitioner and the client will be defining the basic problem being faced by the organization, discussing the scope and opportunities for development, and begin to focus on the creation of a relationship that is healthy as well as collaborative in nature (Fisher Keashly, 2008). These particular steps contribute in allowing the practitioner and client for starting the process to work by the problems and issues that are influencing the business organization. In a clear setting, it can easily be observed that there had been issues involved in Mary and Don, but with the passage of time, it ended up becoming extremely obvious that required a push with full force of motivation. It can be stated that it is extremely important for involving motivation in order to ensure that there is achievement of a positive relationship free from conflicts and related issues (Smith, 2007). Based on the analysis it can be stated that there are a number of lessons learned that can be involved in a significant manner within the setting of actual world. Physicians in practice have bonding with specific and more often, a number of hospitals whose specialized facilities are being utilized by them. Also, physician has played a significant role in this case study as he or she has link with the higher levels of authority in the administration of hospital being used while being connected for bringing the pressure over the members of the staff. This type of a situation had been significantly involved in the case of the Lincoln Hospital that is a profit earning hospital having a number of beds available for being filled (Worley, 2009). The administrators of the hospital include the previous president of the hospital, who was mostly complied in relation with the demands held by the surgeons. The first lesson learnt is that intervention of third party cannot contribute in resolving each and every interpersonal conflict within the business organization. However, in this particular case of the Lincoln Hospital, Mary and Don had been pushed for looking at and considering the previous isolation and realizing the cooperation and collaboration will be going far more ahead. Their emphasis and interests had been over the activities of individual in comparison with the group activities of sustenance. Mary and Don had been behaving as they had been on the team of opposition. However, with the intervention of third party, they had started relinquishing the power involved, seeking the interests of other people, and undertaking the activities that will be established in opposition with themselves (Friedlander, 2008). With this particular stimulus and the intervention of third party, the leadership skills at the department of OR ended up becoming focused and proactive on the planning a nd prevention of problem, instead of giving simple reactions towards the crises after there had been eruptions. In addition to this, the continuous shortages related to qualified nurses had been resolved. Hence, as a significant lesson to learn, interventions of third party cannot help in resolving each and every interpersonal conflict within the organizations. In addition to this, it can be stated that there can be an involvement of intervention that can end up working in a similar manner, or even within the scope of an improved situations (Smith, 2007). Personal interventions must be designed primarily for helping individuals in being highly effective while communicating with the others. Conflicts can also contribute in the development of interpersonal problems like differences in personality, misunderstandings amongst the members of the group, an absence of interpersonal skills, and the baggage of emotions individuals bring within the relationships. The interventions of third party tends to create focus on conflicts that take place amongst two or a number of individuals within the same organization and are established for addressing and resolving conflicts that contribute in the disruption of effective accomplishment of tasks and the flow of work. In addition to this, there can be utilization of intervention for building teams as a significantly possible solution in the setting of the organization (Sorensen, 2013). As stated within this particular report. It would have been important for clarifying a number of aspects involved in the services and relationship that is being provided. Certain key topics that are supposed to be considered within the contract should be focused on creating expectations in detail from both, the practitioner and the client, determining the outcomes being desired and the goals being targeted, establishing the confidentiality within the process, compensation involved, and ground rule for this particular process (Iglesias Vallejo, 2012). The building of team is important for the enhancement of relationship amongst the employees and the management. An intervention should be focusing upon the activities of development that are focused on addressing one or more than one members involved in the group. Certain techniques that can be used for this purpose are assisting in the management of conflict, feedback of 360 degree, training and coaching (Judge, 2010). These specific interventions should be focusing on making attempts for altering the ongoing processes of the group by the creation of focus over the attitudes and behaviors of each and every member within the group involved. This type of a situation had been significantly involved in the case of the Lincoln Hospital that is a profit earning hospital having a number of beds available for being filled. The administrators of the hospital include the previous president of the hospital, who was mostly complied in relation with the demands held by the surgeons. This can contribute in bringing changes within the attitudes of management at higher level or at time, even at the level of the organization (Lewin, 2009). This will contribute in bringing the focus being created over each and every activity and allowing the change and motivation for proceeding the consideration. In this particular case, the practitioner contributes in stating that there had been an involvement of shift within the relationship between both the parties that lead towards mutually collaborating, accepting the responsibility, and creating a focus over the solutions involved (Raymond, 2006). The involvement of these specific resulting actions provide an outlook with positivity to the previous issues being faced in the hospital of Lincoln. However, the practitioner of OD also seems to be alluding towards the fact that full resolution of the situation had not been done at the time of following up the intervention being involved and expressed. As a significant point, it is important for determining the effectiveness being provided by the intervention of third part. For the completion of this particular purpose, there must first be determination of the reason as to why the practitioner of OD had come in contact at the first point of time. In the literal scenario, the interventions of third party do not have the capability to resolve each and every conflict involved within the business organization (Schein, 2009). Management of conflict being done in an unsuccessful manner in the organizations of health care is the main reason for the creation of stressful environments at work, games of power, and the dissatisfaction of employees. Conclusion The conflict that took place at the Lincoln Hospital involved a number of high profile personalities that resulted in having a number of influences over those who had been working within their supervision. This case study seems to be having huge significance in understanding the concept related to intervention of third party. The employment of intervention had been done as the only solution being utilized for the experiences of issues in the boundaries of the Lincoln Hospital. Physicians in practice have bonding with specific and more often, a number of hospitals whose specialized facilities are being utilized by them (Smith, 2007). Also, physician has played a significant role in this case study as he or she has link with the higher levels of authority in the administration of hospital being used while being connected for bringing the pressure over the members of the staff. The first lesson learnt is that intervention of third party cannot contribute in resolving each and every interpersonal conflict within the business organization (Sorensen, 2013). However, in this particular case of the Lincoln Hospital, Mary and Don had been pushed for looking at and considering the previous isolation and realizing the cooperation and collaboration will be going far more ahead. Their emphasis and interests had been over the activities of individual in comparison with the group activities of sustenance. Mary and Don had been behaving as they had been on the team of opposition. However, with the intervention of third party, they had started relinquishing the power involved, seeking the interests of other people, and undertaking the activities that will be established in opposition with themselves (Worley, 2009). There are a number of factors involved in suggesting that the intervention of third party stated within this particular case study had played an important rol e in the improvement of working relationship between Mary and Don, and at the entire level, the level of effectiveness being delivered by the department. Hence, it can be stated that the intervention of third party was important for resolving the conflicts in the case of Lincoln Hospital. References Bell, C. H. (2006). Effects of Team Building and Goal Setting on Productivity: A Field Experiment. Academy of Management Journal, 29(2), pp. 305-328. Broedling, L. A. (2002). Managing conflict: Third-party interventions for managers. Academy Of Management Executive, 16(1), pp. 139-154. Cummings, T. G. Worley, C. G. (2009). Organization Development Change, 9th ed., Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, pp. 75-86, pp. 253-268. Fisher, R. J. Keashly, L. (2008). Third party interventions in intergroup conflict: Consultation is not mediation. Negotiation Journal, 4 (4), pp. 381. Friedlander, F. (2008). A Cmparative Sudy of Consulting Processes and Group Development. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 4(4), pp. 377-399. Iglesias, M., Vallejo, R. (2012). Conflict resolution styles in the nursing profession. Contemporary Nurse: A Journal For The Australian Nursing Profession, 43(1), pp. 73-80. Judge, T.A. (2010). Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 10th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 135, pp. 186-187. Lewin, D. (2009). Models of Conflict, Negotiation and Third Party Intervention: A Review and Synthesis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, pp. 209-252. Raymond, J. (2006). Managing with People: A Managers Handbook of Organization Development Methods, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Schein, E. (2009). Process Consultation. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley. Smith, B. (2007). Evolving Intergroup Techniques for Conflict Resolution: An Israeli-Palestinian Plot Workshop. Journal of Social Issues, 33(1), pp. 165-188. Sorensen, P. F. (2013). OD and healthcare. OD Practitioner, 45(2), pp. 56-59 Worley, C.G. (2009). Organization Development Change, 9th ed. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, pp. 297-303.